Albanian and English.

4/15/2009


ORAKULLI

When pronounced correctly, V shouldn't stand out too much. Its sound, although noticeable, is small.

As a result, linguists, depending on their native language, or on their level, or on their intention, sometimes confuse the Ph(f)ONETIC(k):

V with B, with F, or with W.

The W is a like V without “U” sound (not letter). The B, like P, uses both lips and has a slight pop.

American people for example, tend to have a strong, popping P. If the flame goes out, the paper wavers, or you feel a distinct puff of air on your hand, you've said P not B. B is the voiced pair of P.

Although F and V are in exactly the same position, F is a hiss and V is a buzz. The V is the voiced pair of F. When you say F, it is as if you are whispering.

So, for V, say F and simply add some voice to it.

The F, too, presents problems also with H. To pronounce F, the lower lip raises up and the inside of the lip very lightly touches the outside of the upper teeth and you make a slight hissing sound.

A classic example F with V:

In modern American English, in speaking, of is reduced to [əv]=ëv.

orakulli wrote:4/15/2009


ORAKULLI

When pronounced correctly, V shouldn't stand out too much. Its sound, although noticeable, is small.

As a result, linguists, depending on their native language, or on their level, or on their intention, sometimes confuse the Ph(f)ONETIC(k):

V with B, with F, or with W.

The W is a like V without “U” sound (not letter). The B, like P, uses both lips and has a slight pop.

American people for example, tend to have a strong, popping P. If the flame goes out, the paper wavers, or you feel a distinct puff of air on your hand, you've said P not B. B is the voiced pair of P.

Although F and V are in exactly the same position, F is a hiss and V is a buzz. The V is the voiced pair of F. When you say F, it is as if you are whispering.

So, for V, say F and simply add some voice to it.

The F, too, presents problems also with H. To pronounce F, the lower lip raises up and the inside of the lip very lightly touches the outside of the upper teeth and you make a slight hissing sound.

A classic example F with V:

In modern American English, in speaking, of is reduced to [əv]=ëv.

For plosive (or stop) consonants like p/b, t/d, k/g, every language has a different voice onset time (VOT). All of this has to do with how much aspiration and how much voicing (especially prevoicing) ones gives to these plosives. Every language and dialect in the world varies this. English has aspiration for p/t/k in most positions. That is that puff of air you hear. I believe some dialects of Albanian have at least minor aspiration for these consonants but not as much as English. English b/d/g are not voiced or only partially voiced depending on the speaker.

A funny example is that English does not aspirate a p/t/k when following an "s". So pill and spill have different p-sounds. pill would be /phil/ while spill is /spil/.

Fricatives like f/v only really differ in their voicing. f is voiceless (no vocal chords moving) and v is voiced (vocal chords are moving). So s/z, sh/zh/ th/dz, etc. differ in being voiceless or voiced.

This is rather easy some languages make many more distinctions. Some languages not only distinguish voiced versus voiceless for consonants but between modal (All European languages only use modal voice), creaky, and breathy. Many language these distinctions of their plosives: voiceless, voiced, voiceless aspirated, voiced aspirated, ejective, implosive, etc.

Other English words that might be loans from Albanian are:

English - Albanian
see - sy, shoh
pursue - përzë
door - dera

Please note that these are only words taken from everyday use.

qiellikalter wrote:Other English words that might be loans from Albanian are:

English - Albanian
see - sy, shoh
pursue - përzë
door - dera

Please note that these are only words taken from everyday use.

Albanian dera and English door are cognates. They both descend from Proto-Indo-European *dhwer-. English see is from *sekW-. Albanian sy is from Proto-Indo-European *okW- as is English eye. Pursue in English is a Norman French loan.

end---------------------------------------------anë(anët)
borrow-----------------------------------------borxh
estimate---------------------------------------është mat(=is measured)
en-force----------------------------------------detyroj me force
en-demi---------------------------------------dëm(to harm)
en-dure----------------------------------------me duru, duroj
en-quire----------------------------------------me kerku, ku
land, lea---------------------------------------lendine
leash-------------------------------------------lidh
legible----------------------------------------lexushme
manage---------------------------------------manovroj
manner----------------------------------------menyre
mantilla---------------------------------------mandile, mendafshe
market----------------------------------------marr(to take), marke mallin
marry-----------------------------------------martoj
peri-------------------------------------------perreth
permanent------------------------------------permbetem, perhershem, permban
glut------------------------------------------grykes
candle---------------------------------------kandil
hunger--------------------------------------pa hanger
cap------------------------------------------kape
card-----------------------------------------karte
cart------------------------------------------karro
grind-----------------------------------------grin
grid------------------------------------------grile
grieve----------------------------------------shpirtgrire
grim------------------------------------------i ngrime, i ngrire
haul-------------------------------------------kaloj, bart, transportoj
catch-----------------------------------------kap
cave-------------------------------------------guve
chalice----------------------------------------kelshejt
channel----------------------------------------çan(to slit, to tea), kanal
contra-----------------------------------------kundra
crack------------------------------------------kercas
crash------------------------------------------krisme
cream-----------------------------------------krem
crease-----------------------------------------e krisur, rrudhe
creche-----------------------------------------cerdhe
diaerezis---------------------------------------gjuhe diereze, dygjuhesh, dypikesh
base------------------------------------------baze
dictate----------------------------------------diktoj
digger---------------------------------------dhegermues
dike------------------------------------------dige, hendek
dark---------------------------------------------darke(erresire)
dirty---------------------------------------------i ndyre, ndot
discard------------------------------------------shkarkoj
diva---------------------------------------------dive
di-vest------------------------------------------zh-vesh
dream------------------------------------------ enderrim
dry----------------------------------------------terë
dull----------------------------------------------budall
dun-------------------------------------------------du dicka, kerkoj me ngulm
echo----------------------------------------------jeho
eat, ate-------------------------------------------e ha
ebullience-----------------------------------------avull, valon
edem---------------------------------------------enjtum
effort---------------------------------------------sforcim(=sfortesim)
effluvium------------------------------------------flurim, fluvim
effet----------------------------------------------vjeteruar
erudition------------------------------------------me dit
escalator---------------------------------------------shkalle
forge-------------------------------------------------farke
fork--------------------------------------------------furke
fortune----------------------------------------------fot, fat
freakish---------------------------------------------frike, frikshem
fresh-----------------------------------------------fresk
frustate--------------------------------------------prish

end----------------(possible cognate?)----------------------anë(anët)
borrow---------------(possible cognate?)--------------------borxh
estimate--------------(Latin loan)----------------------është mat(=is measured)
enforce----------(French loan)----------------------detyroj me force
endure-------------(French loan)-------------------------me duru, duroj
enquire----------(French loan)------------------------me kerku, ku
land----------------possible cognate?)--------------------lendine
leash-------------(French loan)-----------------------lidh
legible---------------(Latin loan)----------------------lexushme
manage-------------(Italian loan)----------------------manovroj
manner------------(French loan)----------------------menyre
mantilla-------------(Spanish loan)----------------------mandile, mendafshe
market---------(French loan)-------------------------marr(to take), marke mallin
marry-------------(French loan)--------------------------martoj
peri-------------(Persian loan)-------------------------perreth
permanent-----------(French loan)-----------------------permbetem, perhershem, permban
glut---------------(French loan)-------------------------grykes
candle-----------(Latin loan)-----------------------kandil
hunger-------------(possible cognate?)--------------------pa hanger
cap----------------(Latin loan)-----------------------kape
card----------------(French loan)----------------------karte
cart--------------(Old Norse loan)-------------------------karro
grind----------------(Albanian grundë, not sure about grin)----------------------grin
grid------------(French loan)----------------------grile
grieve-------------(French loan)----------------------shpirtgrire
grim--------------(possible cognate?)------------------------i ngrime, i ngrire
haul-----------------(French loan)-----------------------kaloj, bart, transportoj
catch-----------------(French loan)----------------------kap
cave-----------------(French loan)------------------------guve
chalice---------------(French loan)------------------------kelshejt
channel--------------(French loan)------------------------çan(to slit, to tea), kanal
contra---------------(Latin loan)------------------------kundra
crack-----------------(possible cognate?)---------------------kercas
crash-----------------(Old Norse loan)----------------------krisme
cream-------------------(French loan)--------------------krem
crease-------------(French loan)-------------------------e krisur, rrudhe
creche-------------(French loan)--------------------------cerdhe
base----------------(French loan)---------------------baze
dictate------------(Latin loan)-------------------------diktoj
digger--------------(French loan)-----------------------dhegermues
dike-----------------(possible cognate?)----------------------dige, hendek
dark-------------------(possible cognate?)------------------------darke(erresire)
dirty-------------------(Old Norse loan)------------------------i ndyre, ndot
discard-----------------(French loan)----------------------shkarkoj
diva-----------------(Italian loan)------------------------dive
divest------------(Latin loan)------------------------zh-vesh
dream--------------(possible cognate?)------------------------- enderrim
dry-------------------(not a cognate, English thirst is cognate to Albanian ter)------------------------terë
dull---------------(possible cognate?)-------------------------budall
echo----------(French loan)----------------------------jeho
eat, ate--------------(not related)---------------------------e ha
ebullience------------(Latin loan)------------------------avull, valon
effort-------------------(French loan)-----------------------sforcim(=sfortesim)
effluvium---------------(Latin loan)------------------------flurim, fluvim
erudition------------(Latin loan)-------------------------me dit
escalator--------(Escalator was a made up trademarked name, Latin roots)------------------shkalle
forge----------------(French loan)----------------------------farke
fork---------------(French loan)---------------------------furke
fortune----------------(Frencg loan)-------------------------fot, fat
freakish-----------------(unknown etymology)-----------------------frike, frikshem
fresh----------------(French loan)---------------------------fresk
frustate--------------(Latin loan)-------------------------prish

So you mean that because english words are obviosly of Latin descent, this is valid for Albanian too, so all the key words for our languare are a borrowing from latin, or Albanian language is a latin one?

eat, ate--------------(not related)---------------------------e ha

Not related??
Do you know that in tosk dialect people say : une e hate = I eat ?

ZEUS10 wrote:So you mean that because english words are obviosly of Latin descent, this is valid for Albanian too, so all the key words for our languare are a borrowing from latin, or Albanian language is a latin one?

eat, ate--------------(not related)---------------------------e ha

Not related??
Do you know that in tosk dialect people say : une e hate = I eat ?

I think you are right Albanian ha and English eat are probably cognates, but I have not found a consensus on this. I am positive of the Latin loans in English. I am not as sure about the Albanian ones. Besides obvious Latin loans, many Albanian words which are claimed to be Latin, I don't think they are.

Wikipedia in the Italian Language:
Altri ipotizzano che il motivo di condivisione dell'elemento latino sia ben antecedente e risalente al terzo e secondo millennio a.C. allorché i popoli protolatini, prima di migrare verso il Lazio, abitavano presumibilmente la pianura danubiana ed i balcani in contatto coi popoli illirici.